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Species and Geographical Origins Discrimination of Porcini Mushrooms Based on FT-IR Spectroscopy and Mineral Elements Combined with Sparse Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis

机译:基于FT-IR光谱和矿物元素结合稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析的牛肝菌菌种和地理起源判别

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Misrecognition and toxic elements are two of several reasons responsible for food poisoning even death in the summer, a time when a great deal of edible mushrooms is celebrated in Southwestern China featured as complex environment conditions. It is highly important to identify the difference of chemical constituents in edible mushrooms at the regional-scale. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were applied to investigate organic matters and 18 mineral elements in porcini mushrooms of six species collected from 17 sampling sites in nine Yunnan cities. Classification models on the species, regions, and part levels were established using sparse partial least square-discriminant analysis and principal component analysis. At the species level and region level accuracies of greater than 92.1% and 92.8% was achieved, respectively, whereas on the part level caps and stipes were classified with 96.7% accuracy. One of the most popular mushrooms is Boletus edulis characterized by polysaccharide, lipid, and ribonucleic acid as well as several phenolic compounds. Temperature and precipitation show possible influences on accumulations of polysaccharides and ribonucleic acid. Furthermore, the most important elements of caps contributed the difference between two parts are copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and phosphorus (P), whereas stipes instead by manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co). These results demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy and elements contents provide information sufficient for classifying different porcini mushroom samples, which might be helpful for controlling food security and quality assessment of edible mushrooms.
机译:错误识别和有毒元素是导致食物中毒甚至导致死亡的几个原因中的两个,而在夏季,中国西南部庆祝了许多食用蘑菇,其特点是环境条件复杂。在区域范围内鉴定食用菌中化学成分的差异非常重要。在这项研究中,傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法被用于调查从9个云南城市的17个采样点采集的6种牛肝菌中的有机物和18种矿物质。使用稀疏的偏最小二乘判别分析和主成分分析建立了物种,地区和部位级别的分类模型。在物种一级和区域一级的准确度分别达到92.1%和92.8%以上,而在部分一级,将帽和柄的准确度分类为96.7%。最受欢迎的蘑菇之一是牛肝菌,其特征在于多糖,脂质和核糖核酸以及几种酚类化合物。温度和沉淀表明可能对多糖和核糖核酸的积累产生影响。此外,瓶盖最重要的元素是铜(Cu),锌(Zn)和磷(P),而锰和锰(Co)则是针脚,而不是铜(Cu),锌(Zn)和磷(P)。这些结果表明,FT-IR光谱和元素含量提供了足以对不同牛肝菌样品进行分类的信息,这可能有助于控制食品安全性和食用菌质量评估。

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