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The Revealed Preferences of State EPAs: Stringency, Enforcement, and Substitution

机译:国家EPA的明显偏好:严格性,强制执行和替代

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摘要

The EPA suggests states inspect polluters at least once a year and use sampling and non-sampling inspections equally. States face two separate pressures in their attempts to comply with these mandates: political and budgetary. Budgetary considerations arise because inspections are costly while political pressures arise because the stringency of enforcement, in part, determines the cost abatement. This study estimates the relative importance of political and budgetary pressures in the stringency with which the Clean Water Act is enforced. The results suggest that inspections determined by budgetary concerns and the stringency of inspections is determined, in part, by political factors.
机译:EPA建议各州至少每年检查一次污染者,并平等地使用抽样检查和非抽样检查。各国在遵守这些任务时面临着两个单独的压力:政治压力和预算压力。预算方面的考虑是因为检查的费用很高,而政治压力则是因为执行的严格性在一定程度上决定了成本的削减。这项研究估计了在执行《清洁水法》的严格性方面政治和预算压力的相对重要性。结果表明,检查是由预算问题和检查的严格性决定的,部分是由政治因素决定的。

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