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Economic land use, ecosystem services and microfounded species dynamics

机译:经济土地利用,生态系统服务和微观物种动态

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In an integrated economy-ecosystem model humans choose their land use and leave the residual land as habitat for three species forming a food chain. The size of habitat determines the diversity and abundance of species. That biodiversity generates, in turn, a flow of ecosystem services with public-good characteristics for human consumption. The ecosystem submodel yields (rather than assumes!) population growth functions with each species' growth depending on the size of habitat. First the relationship between habitat and species growth (sustenance, decline and extinction) is explored. The laissez-faire economy is shown to result in an underprovision of habitat making the case for land use restrictions for nature protection. The optimal land use policy is characterized with full regard of ecosystem dynamics. Finally, labor-augmenting technical change is introduced to generate ever increasing pressure towards further habitat reductions. In the laissez-faire economy the habitat is consequently squeezed to zero in the long-run so that all species are doomed. Social optimality demands, however, to refrain from using all land for economic purposes despite ever growing labor productivity.
机译:在综合的经济-生态系统模型中,人类选择土地使用方式,将剩余土地留给形成食物链的三种物种的栖息地。生境的大小决定了物种的多样性和丰富性。反过来,生物多样性又产生了具有公共利益的人类消费生态系统服务。生态系统子模型根据栖息地的大小而产生(而不是假设!)种群增长功能,每个物种的生长都具有这种功能。首先,探讨了栖息地与物种生长(维持,衰退和灭绝)之间的关系。自由放任的经济被证明会导致栖息地的供应不足,从而限制了自然保护的土地使用。最佳土地利用政策的特点是充分考虑到生态系统动态。最后,引入了人工强化技术变革,以产生越来越大的压力,要求进一步减少栖息地。因此,在自由放任经济中,从长远来看,栖息地被压缩为零,以致所有物种都注定要灭亡。然而,尽管劳动生产率不断提高,但社会最优性要求避免将所有土地用于经济目的。

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