Sustainable Land Development and Land Management in Urban and Rural Areas - About Surveyors' Contribution to Building a Better World

摘要

The global urbanization process proceeds inevitably, although structural differences can be identified between industrialized and developing countries. At the same time the problems in cities and other urban settlements are increasing rapidly. To respond to these challenges UNCHS (Habitat) decided in 1999 to start two campaigns: the Global Campaign for Security of Tenure and the Global Campaign on Urban Governance. At the Special Session of the UN General Assembly for the review and overall appraisal of the implementation of the Habitat Agenda - known as Istanbul + 5 - that took place in New York in June 2001 the fact that the problems in urban areas can not be solved without interrelationship between urban and rural areas was widely acknowledged. The fact that rural areas can not be neglected was highly emphasized and an improved balance between urban and rural areas called for. Thus the General Assembly very clearly acknowledged the Rural 21 Declaration, confirmed in Potsdam, which stresses the need for an own policy for rural areas which are currently underestimated by many states in the world. Integrated concepts and performance indicators are urgently needed to achieve sustainable land management and land development in both urban and rural areas. Various land and property regulations - including e.g. access to land and land consolidation - are indispensable tools in this process. But this is not enough. It is essential to develop holistic and future oriented development concepts, but also broadly varied infrastructure for all purposes, sustainable land use concepts, resource management, conflict management, participation in the planning processes are all necessary. Surveyors with their expertise and knowledge in different disciplines can considerably contribute in building a better world and e.g. in the spatial data information sector in a way that can not be predicted today. In the presentation the role of surveyors and professionals in the planning and implementation processes as well as interaction with the policy makers will further be discussed. FIG Commissions 7, 8 and 10 are pointing the direction how surveyors can be more engaged in land development and land management. Finally, the new Master's degree education program on Land Management and Land Tenure in urban and rural areas at the Technical University of Munich will be described.