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Infiltration and evaporation of small hydrocarbon spills at gas stations

机译:加油站少量碳氢化合物泄漏物的渗透和蒸发

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摘要

Small gasoline spills frequently occur at gasoline dispensing stations. We have developed a mathematical model to estimate both the amount of gasoline that infiltrates into the concrete underneath the dispensing stations and the amount of gasoline that evaporates into the typically turbulent atmosphere. Our model shows that the fraction of infiltrated gasoline can exceed the fraction that evaporates from the sessile droplets. Infiltrated gasoline then evaporates and is slowly released to the atmosphere via slow diffusive transport in pores. Tentative experiments show that our theoretical approach captures observed experimental trends. Predictions based on independently estimated model parameters roughly describe the experimental data, except for the very slow vapor release at the end of Stage Ⅱ evaporation. Our study suggests that, over the lifespan of a gas station, concrete pads underneath gas dispensing stations accumulate significant amounts of gasoline, which could eventually break through into underlying soil and groundwater. Our model also shows that lifetimes of spilled gasoline droplets on concrete surfaces are on the order of minutes or longer. Therefore contamination can be carried away by foot traffic or precipitation runoff. Regulations and guidelines typically do not address subsurface and surface contaminations due to chronic small gasoline spills, even though these spills could result in non-negligible human exposure to toxic and carcinogenic gasoline compounds.
机译:汽油加油站经常发生少量汽油泄漏。我们已经开发了一个数学模型,可以估算在分配站下方渗入混凝土的汽油量以及在典型的湍流环境中蒸发的汽油量。我们的模型表明,渗入汽油的比例可以超过无蒂液滴蒸发的比例。然后,渗入的汽油蒸发并通过在孔中的缓慢扩散传输而缓慢释放到大气中。初步实验表明,我们的理论方法捕获了观察到的实验趋势。根据独立估计的模型参数进行的预测粗略地描述了实验数据,但在第二阶段蒸发结束时蒸汽释放非常缓慢。我们的研究表明,在加油站的整个使用寿命中,加油站下方的水泥垫会积聚大量汽油,这些汽油最终可能会渗入地下土壤和地下水中。我们的模型还显示,混凝土表面上溢出的汽油滴的寿命约为数分钟或更长时间。因此,人流或降水径流可以带走污染物。法规和指南通常不会解决由于长期的少量汽油泄漏而引起的地下和地面污染,即使这些泄漏可能导致人类不可忽视地暴露于有毒和致癌的汽油化合物。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of Contaminant Hydrology》 |2014年第12期|39-52|共14页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, USA,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21205;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Gasoline spills; Infiltration; Evaporation;

    机译:汽油泄漏;浸润;蒸发;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 13:39:59

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