Single-mode performance analysis for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

摘要

In this work, the simulation of the single-mode stability in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is presented using a microscopic electro-opto-thermal model. Experimental data for oxide-confined VCSELs emitting at 850 nm with different contact metal designs are also available. It is shown that detailed models for the optical losses in the cavity consisting of outcoupling and absorption are required in order to explain the experiments. The role of cavity losses and spatial hole burning in the nonlinear electro-opto-thermal simulation framework is discussed in a quantitative manner.