Detecting the Boundaries of Disposition Bias on Moral Judgments of Media Characters' Behaviors using Social Judgment Theory

摘要

People continuously morally judge the behaviors of media characters. This informs people's dispositions toward characters. Their dispositions bias their subsequent moral judgments of behavior. Affective disposition theory (ADT) contends that limits to disposition bias exist, but empirical evidence is absent. Three experiments tested the utility of using the ordered alternatives procedure (OAP) from social judgment theory to observe character disposition bias boundaries. Studies 1 and 2 explored and refined methods for detecting the bounds of disposition biases on moral judgments. Study 3 observed the boundaries using preregistered hypotheses, analyses, and sampling. Findings reveal the pragmatic nature of disposition bias, indicating a dependency on the magnitude of moral violation. This outcome interacted with role (average person vs. hero-based roles), schema (pure heroes vs. morally ambiguous characters), and exemplification (prototypes vs. exemplars). Findings corroborate ADT, Raney's extension of ADT, and Sanders' character impression formation model, and demonstrate the OAP's utility for broader communication research.