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Can mushrooms fix atmospheric nitrogen?

机译:蘑菇能固定大气中的氮吗?

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It is generally reported that fungi like Pleurotus spp. can fix nitrogen (N-2). The way they do it is still not clear. The present study hypothesized that only associations of fungi and diazotrophs can fix N-2. This was tested in vitro. Pleurotus ostreatus was inoculated with a bradyrhizobial strain nodulating soybean and P. ostreatus with no inoculation was maintained as a control. At maximum mycelial colonization by the bradyrhizobial strain and biofilm formation, the cultures were subjected to acetylene reduction assay (ARA). Another set of the cultures was evaluated for growth and nitrogen accumulation. Nitrogenase activity was present in the biofilm, but not when the fungus or the bradyrhizobial strain was alone. A significant reduction in mycelial dry weight and a significant increase in nitrogen concentration were observed in the inoculated cultures compared to the controls. The mycelial weight reduction could be attributed to C transfer from the fungus to the bradyrhizobial strain, because of high C cost of biological N-2 fixation. This needs further investigations using C-14 isotopic tracers. It is clear from the present study that mushrooms alone cannot fix atmospheric N-2. But when they are in association with diazotrophs, nitrogenase activity is detected because of the diazotrophic N-2 fixation. It is not the fungus that fixes N-2 as reported earlier. Effective N-2 fixing systems, such as the present one, may be used to increase protein content of mushrooms. Our study has implications for future identification of as yet unidentified N-2 systems occurring in the environment.
机译:据报道,这种真菌像平菇属。可以固定氮(N-2)。他们这样做的方式仍不清楚。本研究假设只有真菌和重氮菌的结合才能修复N-2。这是在体外测试的。用结瘤性大豆大豆的根瘤菌菌株接种平菇,并将未接种的平菇作为对照。在最大的由缓生根瘤菌菌株引起的菌丝定殖和生物膜形成的情况下,将培养物进行乙炔还原测定(ARA)。评估另一组培养物的生长和氮积累。氮酶活性存在于生物膜中,但单独存在真菌或缓生根瘤菌菌株时不存在。与对照相比,在接种的培养物中观察到了菌丝干重的显着减少和氮浓度的显着增加。由于生物N-2固定的高C成本,菌丝体重量的减少可能归因于C从真菌转移到缓生根瘤菌中。这需要使用C-14同位素示踪剂作进一步调查。从本研究中可以清楚地看出,仅蘑菇不能固定大气中的N-2。但是,当它们与重氮营养菌结合时,由于重氮营养菌N-2的固定,可以检测到固氮酶的活性。如前所述,修复N-2的不是真菌。有效的N-2固定系统(例如本系统)可用于增加蘑菇的蛋白质含量。我们的研究对环境中目前尚未鉴定的N-2系统的未来鉴定具有影响。

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