Velocity of the Anode Spark in Copper Sulfate Solutions Under Application of Impulsive Potential

摘要

The velocity of the luminous anode spark produced in CuSO4 solutions by application of impulsive potential has been measured as a function of the interelectrode gap, input voltage, and solution normality. Determinations were made for input potentials of 15–30 kv, interelectrode gaps of 15–80 mm, and solution concentrations of 0.0125–0.0625N. The spark velocity was found to depend upon the input potential and the interelectrode gap by the empirical equation: V=311.1(E0-11.7)/G, where V is the spark velocity in meters/sec., E0 is the input voltage in kv, and G is the interelectrode gap in cm. Qualitatively, it was observed that as the solution normality increased, the maximum breakdown distance decreased and the spark behaved more erratically. The maximum length which the spark streamers reach may be stated empirically by the equation: Lm=2.33×10-3(E0+2.89)2/(N+0.545)(G-0.43) 1 2 , where Lm is the maximum streamer length in cm, E0 is the input potential in kv, G is the interelectrode gap in cm, and N is the normality of the solution. The computed potential at which the spark cases its progress through the liquid, Em, was found to be proportional to the input potential but independent of the interelectrode gap and the solution concentration. The ratio Em/E0 was 0.646. The time lag in initiation of the spark was also found to depend upon the input voltage but to be independent of the interelectrode gap and the solution concentration.