Diffusion Coefficient, Solubility, and Permeability for Helium in Glass

摘要

A method is described for simultaneously measuring the diffusion coefficient, solubility, and permeability for a given gas in a single sample of solid material. The method utilizes solutions of the diffusion equation (for both plane and cylindrical geometry) which make it easily possible to calculate the diffusion parameters from data taken either in the period of steady‐state gas flow or in the early part of the transient period. Using ultra‐high vacuum techniques, it is possible to make the measurements with extremely small amounts of gas and without errors due to leaks or contamination in the gas handling system. Values for the diffusion parameters have been determined for helium in Pyrex glass (Corning 7740), and comparisons with previous measurements are made. Directly measured values of the diffusion coefficient are given for the first time. The diffusion coefficient and permeability both exhibit a temperature dependence of the form exp (-E/kT) both having the same activation energy (6.4×103 cal/mole) within the experimental error. The solubility exhibits little or no variation with temperature over the range 25°C to 300°C, and is in good agreement with the only previous measurement, carried out at 515°C.