中国天津における原英租界の開発

摘要

This research clarified the development process of Tianjin's Original British Concession from 1860 until about 1900. It was designed by Charles George Gordon, and many commercial facilities were located there. The result of my research shows the roads in the area were built without any consideration of the existing roads. Many commercial facilities were created later, and the companies at that time made some wharfs and piers. A German called Detring, the chairman of the Council, built some public facilities. And many products of the Self-Strengthening Movement such as academies and a railway were constructed in the outskirts of the Original British Concession including the opposite bank of Pei Ho River depicted on the map of 1888. It is obvious that the Original British Concession and its surroundings became a place where Western technique and culture were accepted and even imitated by Chinese locals.%天津では19世紀半ばから9カ国によって租界地が造成され、最大で同時に8カ国の租界が存在した。その租界空間は上海と並んで中国国内において最大規模のものであった。中でも英租界は1860年のアロー戦争直後に開設され、その後三度に亘って拡張が行われ、天津で最も面積の広いものとなった。1860年に最初に開設された原英租界のVictoria Road(現解放北路）沿いは、上海のバンドと同様に、近代的な建造物が建ち並び、今日に至っても異国情緒の溢れる街並が形成されている。1986年に天津市は歴史文化名城に指定され、都市•建築に対する保全活用の機運が高まっている。それと同時に、歴史的な空間の形成過程に対しても一層注目度が增している。