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Science, Politics, and U.S. Democracy

机译:科学,政治和美国民主

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Political manipulation of scientific evidence in the interest of ideological convictions has been a commonplace of the U.S. democracy since the end of World War II. In 1952, the incoming secretary of commerce, Sinclair Weeks, fired Alan Astin, director of the National Bureau of Standards, after the Bureau's electrochemists testified for the Federal Trade Commission and Post Office in a suit to stop a small Republican manufacturer from Oakland, California, from fraudulent advertising. The Bureau found that the product, a battery additive called ADX-2, was worthless, and over time would actually harm a battery. Because the administration believed that caveat emptor should take precedence over a laboratory analysis of the product, the Bureau's work came into conflict with the ideology of the Eisenhower administration. Senate Republicans accused the government scientists of not taking the "play of the marketplace" into account in their research. This became a raging controversy that was eventually resolved by Astin's vindication and reinstatement as well as the dismissal of the undersecretary who had urged the firing of Astin in the first place.
机译:自第二次世界大战以来,出于意识形态信念的利益而对科学证据进行政治操纵已成为美国民主制度的普遍现象。 1952年,即将上任的商务部长辛克莱·周斯(Sinclair Weeks)解雇了国家标准局局长艾伦·阿斯汀(Alan Astin),此前该局的电化学专家为联邦贸易委员会和邮局作证,要求制止加利福尼亚州奥克兰的一家小型共和党制造商,来自欺诈性广告。无线电通信局发现这种产品,一种称为ADX-2的电池添加剂,毫无价值,随着时间的流逝,实际上会损害电池。由于主管部门认为,买入警告的人应优先于对该产品进行实验室分析,因此无线电通信局的工作与艾森豪威尔政府的意识形态发生冲突。参议院共和党人指责政府科学家在研究中没有考虑到“市场行为”。这成为了一场激烈的争论,最终通过阿斯廷的辩护和复职以及首先敦促解雇阿斯廷的副部长的解雇而解决。

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