Review on non-isolated multi-input step-up converters for grid-independent hybrid electric vehicles

摘要

The increase in temperature, regulations of CO2 emissions, and the cost of conventional fuels forced the transportation industry to move towards the electrical energy sector. The increasing nature of electrification of transportation will increase the stress on the existing power system because of the charging of battery-based electric vehicles (EV). This paper briefly reviews the effect of electrification of transportation on the existing power system. The Lion's share of the EVs is battery-based, and these EVs extensively depend on Lithium. The Lithium is a non-renewable energy source just like fossil fuels, and reserves may last one day. The availability of Lithium reserves across the world and alternate for the grid-dependent EVs are illustrated in this paper. This paper also briefly discusses the fuel cell-based EVs, solar PV based EVs along with battery-based EVs and compare the battery with fuel cell.There is a significant need for research and development on grid-independent hybrid electric vehicles (GIHEV). From the last few years, the extensive part of the hybrid electric vehicles is making use of multi-input DC-DC converters to interface multiple sources to enhance the performance and reliability of the vehicle. Among different types of multi-input DC-DC converters, non-isolated multi-input DC-DC converters are best suited for low and medium power electric vehicle applications. This paper displays the synthesizing process of multi-input converters. Some of the existing efficient non-isolated multi-input high step-up DC-DC converter topologies are immensely discussed and compared. This review is intended to serve as a suitable guideline and reference for future work in the field of non-isolated multi-input high step-up DC-DC converter topologies for GIHEVs. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.