âChanging the cultural landscapeâ: English engineers, American missionaries, and the YMCA bring sports to Brazil - the 1870s to the 1930s

Claudia Guedesa*

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âChanging the cultural landscapeâ: English engineers, American missionaries, and the YMCA bring sports to Brazil - the 1870s to the 1930s

机译：“改变文化景观”：英国工程师，美国传教士和基督教青年会将体育运动带到巴西-1870年代至1930年代

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On 2 October 2009 the New York Times announced that the IOC had selected Rio de Janeiro as the site of the 2016 Olympic Games - the first to take place in South America. If it had not been for English and Scottish engineers, who had brought futebol (soccer) to Brazil in the late 1800s, and other sports that American missionaries and the YMCA introduced this might never had occurred. Following the Civil War (1861-65) American interest in spreading the Christian gospel abroad grew considerably. In 1871 Presbyterian minister George Whitehall Chamberlain and his wife founded at SÃ£o Paulo, Brazil âthe American Schoolâ (today known as Mackenzie College). Games like basketball as well as a more liberal system of education for girls (formerly largely excluded from schools) as well as for boys soon would be introduced. The noted Brazilian educator Fernando de Azevedo has written positively about these developments. Also interested in spreading its influence, in 1891 the International Committee of the YMCA of North America sent Myron Augustus Clark to SÃ£o Paulo, where he set about training many native-born Brazilians. The Playground Association of America (established in 1906) sought to do likewise. Henry J. Sims, one of several other YMCA leaders who arrived from the United States, and Fred C. Brown, who was recruited to be Executive Secretary of Rio de Janeiroâs exclusive Fluminese Football Club, helped lay the foundations for the Latin American Games that were first held at Rio de Janeiro in 1922. This article examines how developments such as these did much to âchange the cultural landscapeâ in Brazil.View full textDownload full textKeywordssport history, YMCA, Brazil, Presbyterian missionariesRelated var addthis_config = { ui_cobrand: "Taylor & Francis Online", services_compact: "citeulike,netvibes,twitter,technorati,delicious,linkedin,facebook,stumbleupon,digg,google,more", pubid: "ra-4dff56cd6bb1830b" }; Add to shortlist Link Permalink http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2011.627200

机译：2009年10月2日，《纽约时报》宣布国际奥委会已选择里约热内卢作为2016年奥运会的举办地，这是南美洲首次举办的奥运会。如果不是在1800年代末将英式足球（足球）带到巴西的英国和苏格兰工程师以及美国传教士和基督教青年会所介绍的其他体育项目，那可能从未发生过。内战之后（1861-65年），美国将基督教福音传播到国外的兴趣大大增加。 1871年，长老会部长乔治·怀特霍尔·张伯伦（George Whitehall Chamberlain）和他的妻子在巴西圣保罗成立了“美国学校”（American School）（现称为麦肯齐学院）。即将推出篮球等游戏，以及针对女孩（以前基本上不包括在学校之外）以及针对男孩的更为宽松的教育体系。著名的巴西教育家费尔南多·德·阿塞维多（Fernando de Azevedo）对这些事态发展给予了积极评价。同样对传播其影响力感兴趣的是，北美基督教青年会国际委员会于1891年将迈伦·奥古斯都·克拉克（Myron Augustus Clark）派往圣保罗，在那里他着手培训许多当地出生的巴西人。美国游乐场协会（成立于1906年）也试图做到这一点。亨利·J·西姆斯（Henry J. Sims）是美国基督教青年会的其他几位领导人之一，而弗雷德·布朗（Fred C. Brown）则被聘为里约热内卢的独家Fluminese Football Club执行秘书，这为拉丁文打下了基础1922年首次在里约热内卢举行的美国运动会。本文探讨了此类发展如何对改变巴西的文化景观起到了很大作用。查看全文下载全文关键字体育历史，基督教青年会，巴西，长老会传教士相关变量addthis_config = {ui_cobrand：“泰勒和弗朗西斯在线”，servicescompact：“ citeulike，netvibes，twitter，technorati，delicious，linkedin，facebook，stumbleupon，digg，google，更多”，发布号：“ ra-4dff56cd6bb1830b”}；添加到候选列表链接永久链接http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2011.627200

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《The International Journal of the History of Sport》 |2011年第17期|p.2594-2608|共15页
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Claudia Guedesa*;
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入库时间 2022-08-17 13:09:48

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âChanging the cultural landscapeâ: English engineers, American missionaries, and the YMCA bring sports to Brazil - the 1870s to the 1930s

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âChanging the cultural landscapeâ: English engineers, American missionaries, and the YMCA bring sports to Brazil - the 1870s to the 1930s