ON-ROAD REMOTE SENSING OF MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS: ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN EXHAUST POLLUTANT LEVELS AND VEHICLE YEAR

摘要

On-road remote sensing operates in real-time, under real world conditions, making it ideal for detecting high pollution emitters on roads and highways. Remote sensing measurements of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxide (NO) were compiled from study sites in Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Texas, and Utah. Collectively, the studies took place from 1989 to 1999, producing 278,642 measurements from vehicles manufactured between 1926 and 2000. Median emissions of five-year categories peaked in the 1950s and decreased steadily thereafter, with steepest declines from the late 1970s to early 1980s. Observed emissions decreases coincide with advances in emissions control technology, oxygenated gasoline, more fuel-efficient engines (up to 1988), and emissions testing.