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  • 期刊名称：

    Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE Transactions on

  • 中文名称： 智能交通系统，IEEE事务
  • 刊频：
  • ISSN： 1524-9050
  • 出版社： -
  • 简介：

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共11条结果
  • 1.

    【24hr】Binocular Spherical Stereo

    包量

    机译 双眼球面立体
    • 作者：Li S.;
    • 刊名：IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
    • 2008年第4期
    摘要：A fish-eye camera has a wide field of view (FOV), and the realization of a binocular fish-eye stereo for sensing the surrounding 3-D information of the environment around a vehicle is useful for safe driving. However, since a fish-eye camera may have a wider-than-hemispherical FOV, the conventional stereo approach of obtaining a perspective image based on the pinhole camera model cannot directly be applied. However, using a spherical camera model and defining the disparity of a spherical stereo, the conventional binocular stereo problem is reformulated as a binocular spherical stereo problem. A binocular spherical stereo is a generalized paradigm that can cope with cameras having any FOV, including conventional cameras and fish-eye cameras. Moreover, by transforming the rectified spherical images to latitude–longitude representation, the feature point matching of the spherical stereo images can be sped up by using the processing used for perspective stereo images. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated by realizing a binocular spherical stereo using a pair of fish-eye cameras. Finally, the application of the proposed approach to vehicles in the future is considered.
  • 2.

    【24hr】Using ITS to Improve the Capacity of Freeway Merging Sections by Transferring Freight Vehicles

    包量

    机译 利用ITS转移货车来提高高速公路合并段的通行能力
    • 作者：Sarvi M.;Kuwahara M.;
    • 刊名：IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
    • 2008年第4期
    摘要：This paper investigates the effect of heavy commercial vehicles on traffic characteristics and operation of freeway merging sections. Freeways are designed to facilitate the flow of traffic, including passenger cars and trucks. The impact of these different vehicle types is not uniform, creating problems in freeway operations and safety, particularly in the vicinity of merging sections. There have been very few studies that are concerned with the traffic behavior and characteristics of heavy vehicles in these situations. Therefore, a three-year study was undertaken to investigate traffic behavior and operating characteristics during the merging process under congested traffic conditions. First extensive traffic data collection captured a wide range of traffic and geometric information using detectors, videotaping, and surveys at several interchanges. The macroscopic detector data were used to identify and quantify the impact of heavy commercial vehicles on the capacity of merging sections. Subsequently, the microscopic data were utilized to establish a model for the behavior of drivers at merging sections. Based on this behavioral model, a microsimulation program was developed to simulate the actual traffic conditions. This model was used to evaluate the capacity of a merging section for a given geometric design and traffic flow condition. In addition, this model was employed to develop a variety of intelligent transport system control strategies that are associated with heavy commercial vehicles with the goal of designing safer and less-congested freeway merging points. The implementation of the proposed control strategies showed significant improvement over the capacity of merging sections.
  • 3.

    【24hr】Capability-Enhanced Microscopic Simulation With Real-Time Traffic Signal Control

    包量

    机译 具有实时交通信号控制的功能增强的微观仿真
    摘要：An application programming interface (API) is a feature that is available in some traffic simulation programs to enhance their capabilities by allowing users to customize changes in simulation such as driver behaviors, vehicle characteristics, user-defined control strategies, and advanced Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications. This paper presents an API in AIMSUN, which is a stochastic and microscopic simulation model, to evaluate a novel real-time signal control technique based on the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. A transportation network of diamond interchanges is first created and calibrated in the AIMSUN environment. The API, which creates a dynamic link between the DP algorithm and AIMSUN, is then developed and deployed in C $++$. During simulation runtime, real-time traffic measurements, including vehicle counts and speeds, are provided by detectors in the network and fed into the DP algorithm that subsequently makes a decision on a signal control plan. The signal plan is then transferred back to and implemented in the simulated network, which emulates its actual operation. Extensive simulations have shown that the new signal control technique is superior to other common offline signal optimization tools in terms of handling the demand fluctuations. This paper has demonstrated that the API function is a useful tool to assess new ITS applications that are unavailable in simulation programs.
  • 4.

    【24hr】A Scalable Methodology for Evaluating and Designing Coordinated Air-Traffic Flow Management Strategies Under Uncertainty

    包量

    机译 不确定性下评估和设计空中交通流量协调管理策略的可扩展方法
    • 作者：Wan Y.;Roy S.;
    • 刊名：IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
    • 2008年第4期
    摘要：As congestion in the United States National Airspace System (NAS) increases, coordination of en route and terminal-area traffic flow management procedures is becoming increasingly necessary to prevent controller workload excesses without imposing excessive delay on aircraft. Here, we address the coordination of flow management procedures in the presence of realistic uncertainties by developing a family of abstractions for implementable flow restrictions (e.g., miles-in-trail restrictions, ground delay programs, and slot-based policies). Using these abstractions, we are able to evaluate the impact of multiple restrictions on generic (uncertain) traffic flows and, hence, to design practical flow management strategies. We use the developed methodology to address several common design problems, including the design of multiple restrictions along a single major traffic stream and the design of multiple flows entering a congested terminal area or sector. For instance, we find that multiple restrictions along a stream can be used to split the backlog resulting from a single restriction and use this observation to develop low-congestion designs. We conclude the discussion by posing a tractable NAS-wide flow management problem using a simple algebraic model for a restriction.
  • 5.

    【24hr】Adaptive Constraint K-Segment Principal Curves for Intelligent Transportation Systems

    包量

    机译 智能交通系统的自适应约束K段主曲线
    摘要：This paper revisits the construction of principal curves. Although they have a solid theoretical foundation as a nonlinear extension to principal components, this paper shows that they are difficult to implement in practice if the data distribution is sparse and uneven or if the data contain outliers. These issues may hamper the application of principal curves to an intelligent transportation system. To address these problems, this paper introduces an adaptive constraint K-segment principal curve (ACKPC) algorithm that can be applied in the presence of uneven and sparse distributions, as well as outliers. The benefits of the ACKPC algorithm are as follows: 1) It utilizes predefined endpoints of the curve to reduce the computational effort, and 2) it shows to be less sensitive to parameter settings and outliers. These benefits are demonstrated using two benchmark studies and experimental data from a freeway traffic stream system as well as recorded data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) data from a low-precision GPS receiver.
  • 6.

    【24hr】Prediction of Transit Vehicle Arrival Time for Signal Priority Control: Algorithm and Performance

    包量

    机译 信号优先控制的过境车辆到站时间预测：算法和性能
    摘要：We develop an algorithm for predicting the arrival times of a transit vehicle at signalized intersections, with a focus on meeting the accuracy requirement associated with signal priority control applications. The algorithm uses both historical and real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) vehicle location data. There are no data from other detectors, such as loops or cameras. The arrival time prediction is formulated as an optimal a posteriori parameter estimation problem, where the model is consisted of a historical model and an adaptive model that adaptively adjusts its filter gain based on real-time data. The estimates generated by these two models are fused in a weighted average derived from the solution of the parameter estimation problem. The prediction algorithm adaptively adjusts its weight distribution using error variances obtained from the two models. We include some simulations of field test results and their statistics to demonstrate the performance and convergence of the solution.
  • 7.

    【24hr】Dynamic Plan Generation and Real-Time Management Techniques for Traffic Evacuation

    包量

    机译 交通疏散的动态计划生成和实时管理技术
    摘要：Surface transportation systems play a crucial role in responding to natural disasters and other catastrophic incidents that have devastating impacts on the lives of people all over the world. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) can play an important role not only in improving the operational efficiency of a transportation system but also in enhancing its safety and security. In this paper, we propose new techniques for augmenting ITS to improve and support homeland security. In particular, we propose two evacuation algorithms, i.e., All-Links and Fastest-Links, and perform simulation studies to compare their performance. These algorithms are part of a Smart Traffic Evacuation Management System (STEMS) developed to provide rapid and efficient response to human-caused threats and disasters by automatically generating dynamic evacuation plans based on incident location and scope and subsequently automatically controlling traffic lights to direct evacuation traffic in a safe manner.
  • 8.

    【24hr】Eliminating Blind Spots for Assisted Driving

    包量

    机译 消除盲点辅助驾驶
    摘要：Drivers of heavy goods vehicles are not able to survey the whole surrounding area of their vehicle due to large blind spot regions. This paper shows how catadioptric cameras—a combination of cameras and mirrors—can be used to survey the surrounding area of vehicles. Four such cameras were mounted on a truck–trailer combination, and the images are combined such that obstacles are visible in an image presented to the driver. This image is a bird''s eye view of the vehicle. Additionally, corridors indicating the path of motion of the vehicle are overlaid to the resulting image. To compute those corridors, a mathematical description of the path of motion is derived. Such a system does not only support the driver during maneuvering tasks but also increases safety of driving large vehicles.
  • 9.

    【24hr】Modeling and Feedback Control for Resource Allocation and Performance Analysis in Container Terminals

    包量

    机译 集装箱码头资源分配与性能分析的建模与反馈控制
    摘要：A dynamic discrete-time model of container flows in maritime terminals is proposed as a system of queues. Such queues are controlled via input variables that account for the use of the available resources given by the capacities of the handling machines used to move containers inside a terminal. Two feedback control strategies for the allocation of such resources are described. The first consists of a resource assignment that is proportional to the corresponding queue lengths; in the second, the assignment is obtained by the one-step-ahead optimization of a performance cost function according to a myopic approach. Simulation results are reported to compare such methodologies for the purpose of sensitivity and scenario analyses in the management of a maritime terminal.
  • 10.

    【24hr】Precrash Dipping Nose (PCDN) Needs Pedestrian Recognition

    包量

    机译 碰撞前浸泡鼻子（PCDN）需要行人识别
    摘要：This paper investigates the effect of vehicle front height lowering operation of precrash dipping nose (PCDN) on pedestrians. Although PCDN was developed for vehicle–vehicle side crashes, there is a possibility that the range sensor for crash detection will fail to distinguish a group of pedestrians from a side-faced vehicle. For simulation-based investigation, a vehicle model, an air spring with PCDN actuator, a pedestrian, and active hood system (AHS) were modeled. Two vehicle models were made for a sedan and a sport utility vehicle (SUV), respectively. In all crash situations (frontal crash without AHS, frontal crash with AHS, and side crash without AHS), a falsely operated PCDN is expected to cause worse pedestrian injury. As a conclusion, we insist that PCDN should incorporate a pedestrian-recognition capability into its crash detection system to reduce the improper activation of its actuator. In addition, as AHS showed a good performance even in improper activation, we propose a complementary method that activates AHS when PCDN is activated. It is noteworthy that the increasing importance of pedestrian protection seems to enforce even a system developed for vehicle–vehicle crashes to be investigated from the perspective of pedestrian safety.
  • 11.

    【24hr】Conflict Resolution and Traffic Complexity of Multiple Intersecting Flows of Aircraft

    包量

    机译 飞机多个相交流的冲突解决与交通复杂性
    摘要：This paper proposes a general framework to study the conflict resolution for multiple intersecting flows of aircraft in planar airspace. The conflict-resolution problem is decomposed into a sequence of subproblems, each involving only two intersecting flows of aircraft. The strategy for achieving the decomposition is to laterally displace the aircraft flows so that they intersect in pairs, and the resulting conflict zones have no overlap. A conflict zone is defined as a circular area that is centered at the intersection of a pair of flows, which allows aircraft approaching the intersection to resolve the conflict completely within the conflict zone without straying outside. An optimization problem is then formulated to minimize the lateral displacements of the aircraft flows. Although this optimization problem is difficult to solve in general due to its nonconvex nature, a closed-form solution can be obtained for three intersecting flows. The minimum requirement of lateral displacements of aircraft flows for conflict resolution can also be used as a metric of traffic complexity for multiple intersecting flows of aircraft. It is shown that the order of growth of this complexity metric is $O(n^{3})$ for symmetric configurations of $n$ flows of aircraft.
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