Advancements in In Vitro Fertilization by Oogonial Stem Cell Therapy

摘要

Infertility, a common condition affecting 12% (from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] report) of American couples, is associated with several factors, such as age, endometriosis, ovulation disorders, poly cystic ovaries (PCO), and early menopause in women. It is commonly treated by in vitro fertilization (IVF), an assisted reproductive technology (ART), by which fertilization of eggs and sperm ensues in a laboratory dish manually. In certain instances, IVF is associated with incidence of producing twins and triplets because of the inferior quality of woman's eggs, which leads to increase in the proportion of single embryo transfer (SET) cycles. The success of IVF depends on the quality of egg, which depends on the cellular emergy obtained from mitochondria. As the number of mitochondrial cells decrease in the cells so does the fertilization potential of the woman's egg leading to infertility. The quality of woman's egg can be enhanced by supplying mitochondrial cells from a young donor, however, this is controversial since mitochondrial DNA can insert into the genetic makeup leading to creation of three-parent babies. Currently, there is a great need for development of therapeutic inventions for restoring failed ovarian function and treatment of infertility in woman.