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The dynamic lexicon in a truth-conditional framework; or how to have Your cake and eat it

机译:真值条件框架中的动态词典;或如何吃蛋糕

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A fundamental principle of all truth-conditional approaches to semantics is that the meanings of sentences of natural language can be compositionally specified in terms of truth conditions, where the meanings of the sentences' parts (words/lexical items) are specified in terms of the contribution they make to such conditions their host sentences possess. Thus, meanings of words fit the meanings of sentences at least to the extent that the stability of what a sentence might mean as specified in a theory is in accord with the stability of what a word might mean as similarly specified. In this paper, I shall be concerned with Ludlow's (2014) idea that, in fact, there need be no such sympathy between words and sentences. He proposes that we can square what he calls a dynamic lexicon, where word meaning is not stable at all, with a traditional truth-conditional approach of the kind indicated, where sentence meaning is delivered via 'absolute truth conditions'. I share Ludlow's aspiration to accommodate dynamic features of word meaning with a truth conditional approach, but not his belief that the marriage is an easy deal. Thus, I shall present a problem for Ludlow's position and show how resolving this problem leads to an alternative picture of how the meaning of a sentence may be truth-conditionally specified with all relevant dynamic features of the lexicon retained.
机译:所有语义的真值条件方法的基本原理是,可以根据真值条件来自然地规定自然语言的句子的含义,其中,句子部分(单词/词汇项)的含义是根据真值条件来指定的。他们为自己的主人所拥有的条件做出的贡献。因此,单词的含义至少在某种程度上适合句子的含义,即在理论中句子的含义的稳定性与在类似情况下单词的含义的稳定性一致。在本文中,我将关注拉德洛(Ludlow,2014)的观点,即事实上,单词和句子之间不需要这样的同情。他建议,我们可以用一种指示的传统真值条件方法(用“绝对真值条件”传递句子的意思)来平方他所谓的动态词典,在这种词典中,单词的含义根本就不稳定。我赞同拉德洛(Ludlow)的志向,即以真理为条件的方法来适应词义的动态特征,但他并不认为婚姻是件容易的事。因此,我将对拉德洛的立场提出一个问题,并说明解决这个问题如何导致另一种情况,即如何在保留了词典的所有相关动态特征的情况下,以真理为条件指定句子的含义。

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