As more businesses deploy Web services, applications that dynami-cally interact with other applica-tions and data sources, the issue of how to secure them from hackers and other threats becomes more im-portant. Security also becomes more difficult as Web services expand from being internal applications to ones that interact with outside sys-tems, applications, and data under the control of suppliers, partners, and customers. Those factors help to explain why Web services are viewed as less secure or more vulnerable to attack than other types of IT ser- vices and systems. The lack of a standard approach to Web-services security doesn't help with that per-ception. There are dozens of indus-try efforts under way to develop Web-services security standards and technologies, but none have taken hold as the preferred method.
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