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Reasons for Using English or the Local Language in the Genre of Job Advertisements: Insights From Interviews With Dutch Job Ad Designers

机译:在求职广告类型中使用英语或当地语言的原因:对荷兰求职广告设计师的采访中得出的见解

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Research problem: This study provides insight into practitioners' reasons for choosing a particular language (English versus the local language) in the genre of job ads in countries where English is a foreign language (EFL countries). Scholarly publications and public discourse have suggested reasons for language choice, but these were not based on the perspectives of practitioners. Research questions: (1) What reasons do Dutch job ad writers give for using all-English, all-Dutch, or partly English ads and what genre factors inform these reasons? (2) To what extent do the reasons given by Dutch job ad makers for using all-English, all-Dutch, or partly English ads complement reasons mentioned in publications on job ads? Literature review: Genre theory identifies three factors as important determinants of genre: contextual factors (such as characteristics of the organization and the sector in which the genre is produced), reader-writer factors (characteristics of the genre's target audience and author), and textual factors (the genre's content, structure, and wording). The reasons mentioned for the use of all-English job ads are that English is the organization's corporate language and that the organization is looking for English-speaking candidates. The reasons given for the use of job ads in the local language are that English is less clear than the local language and that English words are strange and exaggerated compared to equivalents in the local language. Among the reasons mentioned for the use of partly English job ads are that English words attract more attention than equivalents in the local language and that English job titles sound more modern and have more status than equivalent job titles in the local language. Methodology: In this qualitative study, we conducted 25 interviews with practitioners who designed job ads in the Netherlands, selected because they had recently placed an all-English, an all-Dutch, or a partly Eng- ish job ad in a Dutch newspaper. They were asked an open-ended question about their reasons behind the language used in the job ad they placed. Interview data were labelled and categorized; subsequently, patterns were identified across categories. Results and conclusions: The interviews showed that all three types of genre factors—contextual, reader-writer, and textual—underlie practitioners' language choices. Practitioners mentioned the same types of factors that were mentioned in publications on job ads, but gave a greater variety of reasons for language choice. Of the reasons mentioned by the practitioners, the large majority were not given in publications. These findings underline the importance of obtaining text producers' perspectives and can be used to sensitize both novice and experienced professional Human Resources writers to the relevance of genre factors in language choice. A limitation of the present study is that the desired effects of language choice mentioned by the respondents were not verified with the target group of the job ads. Therefore, future research on language choice in workplace writing should test whether particular language choices in job ads actually achieve the recruitment effects Human Resource Manager professionals expect.
机译:研究问题:在英语为外语的国家(EFL国家),本研究提供了从业人员在求职广告类型中选择特定语言(英语还是本地语言)的原因的见解。学术出版物和公共话语已经提出了选择语言的理由,但是这些并不是基于从业者的观点。研究问题:(1)荷兰职业广告撰写者给出使用全英语,全荷兰语或部分英语广告的原因是什么?哪些流派因素可以说明这些原因? (2)荷兰招聘广告制作者给出的使用全英语,全荷兰语或部分英语广告的原因在多大程度上补充了招聘广告中提到的原因?文献综述:体裁理论确定了三种重要的体裁决定因素:情境因素(例如产生该体裁的组织和行业的特征),读者-作家因素(该类型的目标受众和作者的特征)以及文字因素(类型的内容,结构和措辞)。提到使用全英语招聘广告的原因是英语是该组织的公司语言,并且该组织正在寻找说英语的候选人。给出使用本地语言的招聘广告的原因是,英语不如本地语言清晰,并且英语单词与本地语言的等效单词相比奇怪且夸张。提到使用部分英语职位广告的原因是,英语单词比本地语言的等效单词引起更多关注,英语职位比本地等效的职位听起来更现代,地位更高。方法:在定性研究中,我们对在荷兰设计招聘广告的从业人员进行了25次访谈,他们的选择是因为他们最近在荷兰报纸上刊登了全英语,全荷兰语或部分英语的招聘广告。他们被问到一个开放式问题,询问他们放置在招聘广告中所用语言背后的原因。采访数据被标记和分类;随后,确定了跨类别的模式。结果与结论:访谈表明,所有三种类型的体裁因素(上下文,读者-作家和文本)构成了从业者语言选择的基础。从业人员提到了与招聘广告出版物中提到的因素相同类型的因素,但是给出了更多选择语言的理由。从业人员提到的原因中,绝大多数没有在出版物中给出。这些发现强调了获得文本制作者观点的重要性,并可用于使新手和经验丰富的专业人力资源作家都意识到体裁因素在语言选择中的相关性。本研究的局限性在于,受访者提到的语言选择的预期效果尚未通过招聘广告的目标群体进行验证。因此,有关工作场所写作中语言选择的未来研究应测试招聘广告中特定的语言选择是否真正达到了人力资源经理专业人员期望的招聘效果。

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