We have developed a technique to calculate the electric field distributions of a light wave propagating through a fiber grating (FG). The technique is based on a transfer matrix method developed for electric field calculations in multilayer thin films. We apply this method to several FG structures of practical interest in optical fiber networks based on wavelength-division multiplexing. Two-dimensional plots of the average internal power versus the distance along the grating axis and light frequency are presented. This representation allows a better understanding of the macroscopic behavior of these structures.
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