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Empirical Assessment of Expertise

机译:专长的经验评估

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摘要

The assessment of expertise is vital both in practical situations that call for expert judgment and in theoretical research on the psychology of experts. It can be difficult, however, to determine whether a judge is in fact performing expertly. Our goal was to develop an empirical measure of expert judgment. We argue that two necessary characteristics of expertise are discrimination of the various stimuli in the domain and consistent treatment of similar stimuli. We combine measures of these characteristics to form a ratio we call the Cochran-Weiss-Shanteau (CWS) index of expertise. The proposed index was demonstrated using two studies that distinguished experts from nonexperts based on their judgmental performance. The index provides new insights into expertise and offers a partial definition of expertise that may be useful in a variety of theoretical and applied settings. Potential applications of this research include selection, training, and evaluation of experts and of expert-machine systems.
机译:在需要专家做出判断的实际情况中以及在专家心理学的理论研究中,专业知识的评估都是至关重要的。但是,可能难以确定法官是否实际上在熟练地执行表演。我们的目标是开发一种专家判断的经验方法。我们认为专业知识的两个必要特征是对领域中各种刺激的区分和对相似刺激的一致处理。我们将这些特征的度量结合起来,形成一个比率,我们称之为专业知识的Cochran-Weiss-Shanteau(CWS)指数。通过两项研究证明了拟议的指标,该两项研究根据专家的判断力将专家与非专家区分开。该索引提供了对专业知识的新见解,并提供了对专业知识的部分定义,这些知识可能在各种理论和应用环境中很有用。该研究的潜在应用包括专家和专家机器系统的选择,培训和评估。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Human Factors》 |2003年第1期|p.104-116|共13页
  • 作者

    David J. Weiss; James Shanteau;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Psychology, California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90032;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自动化技术、计算机技术;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 02:19:40

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