Gauging What We Know and Don't Know about Temperament Essay Review of Becoming Who We Are: Temperament and Personality in Develoment by Mary K. Rothbart

摘要

Becoming Who We Are: Temperament and Personality in Development is a capstone achievement by the author Mary K. Rothbart [2011]. Rothbart has been a major figure in developmental science for decades and probably the most influential figure in the field of temperament for at least a decade or two. Indeed, Rothbart's model of temperament is likely the most used in current research. Moreover, the measures of temperament she has developed are widely used in research not only on temperament, but also on diverse, narrower topics such as individual differences in, and the measurement of, emotion, regulation, shyness, impulsivity, and so forth. Her conceptual model, in which temperament is viewed as including both regulatory and reactive dimensions - captured in the major dimensions of negative emotionality, surgency, and orienting/regulation (or effortful control after infancy) - has organized and directed the field.