Durch Schiffspropeller verursachte Kolkbildung

摘要

As generally known, ships berthing or putting out to sea carry out maneuvers with their main propellers next to quay struc tures. In addition, bow and stern thrusters are often used in support. As a result the propeller induced currents erode the harbor bed and cause more or less intensive scour effects. In order to secure the stability of the quay structures either an ad ditional scour charge can be introduced into the design or the bed in front of the installation can be secured by a scour protec tion. In the first case it is important to determine to what extent scour is developed during ship operations.rnIn the following, methods to calculate the scour depth for a main propeller as well as for a bow thruster are shown. The ap proaches are based on simplified theoretic considerations accom panied by empiric model investigations. In conclusion, measures to reduce the scour development are pointed out.%Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit dem Problem der Kolk bildung vor Kaianlagen, die durch den erzeugten Strahl von Schiffs propellern und Bug- bzw. Heckstrahlanlagen hervorgerufen wer den. Derartige Kolkungen treten insbesondere dann auf, wenn Schiffe mit eigener Maschinenkraft an- und ablegen.