A Laboratory Apparatus to Measure Chemico-Osmotic Efficiency Coefficients for Clay Soils

摘要

A laboratory apparatus for measuring the chemico- osmotic efficiency coefficient, co, for clay soils in the presence of electrolyte solutions is described. A chemico-osmotic experiment is conducted by establishing and maintaining a constant difference in electrolyte concentration across a soil specimen while preventing the flow of solution through the specimen. The chemico-osmotic ef- ficiency coefficient is derived from a measured pressure difference induced across the specimen in response to the applied concentra- tion difference. The effective diffusion coefficient (D~*) and retar- dation factor (R_a) of the electrolytes (solutes) also can be deter- mined simultaneously by measuring the diffusive solute mass flux through the specimen until steady-state diffusion is achieved.