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A MATCHED-FILTER APPROACH TO IMPEDANCE ESTIMATION

机译:阻抗估计的匹配滤波器方法

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摘要

Stacked seismic data are modeled as a superposition of simple-interface and thin layer reflections. This parameterization permits a parsimonious blocky model of the impedance. The method is an alternative to the classical least-mean-squared-error approach and is similar in spirit to minimum-entropy deconvolution and sparse-spike inversion, although much different,, and simpler, in implementation. A specified number of events on a seismic trace are modeled (inverted) independently. The selected set of basis functions used to represent the data includes a simple interface and a suite of high and low impedance layers covering a range of layer thickness. The simple interface basis function is the seismic wavelet, which is presumed to be known. Each event is classified using a normalized zero-lag crosscorrelation of the basis functions with the seismic trace. Modeled events are prevented from overlapping, thereby ensuring a sparse earth model. Real data results show that a portion of a shallow-marine data set can be well modeled in the context of a sparse earth model. A maximum of 30 simple-interface and thin-layer reflections (per trace) model 65 stacked traces over the time range of 0.8-1.9 s. We use a time and space invariant, statistically derived, autoregressive, seismic wavelet estimate, Wavelet polarity is chosen such that the inversion correctly models the fluid anomaly signals as low impedance layers, For wavelet A, we make the common assumption of white reflectivity and achieve a data misfit that is 7.8 dB down, For wavelet B, we assume a blue reflectivity that has a 3 dB/octave increase with frequency and achieve an improved fit to the data. Wavelet B also produces a more accurate estimate of the layer thickness of a known gas reservoir (10-12 ms average thickness) than does wavelet A (15-17 ms average thickness). Our results are competitive with other approaches to impedance estimation and are obtained in a much simpler fashion. [References: 24]
机译:堆叠的地震数据被建模为简单界面反射和薄层反射的叠加。该参数化允许阻抗的简约块状模型。该方法是经典最小均方误差方法的替代方法,并且在本质上与最小熵反卷积和稀疏峰值反演相似,尽管实现起来有很多不同,并且更简单。地震道上指定数量的事件是独立建模(反转)的。用于表示数据的一组选定的基础函数包括一个简单的界面以及一组覆盖一定范围厚度的高阻抗层和低阻抗层。简单的接口基函数是地震子波,假定它是已知的。使用基函数与地震迹线的归一化零延迟互相关对每个事件进行分类。避免了建模事件的重叠,从而确保了稀疏地球模型。实际数据结果表明,在稀疏地球模型的背景下,可以很好地模拟一部分浅海数据集。在0.8-1.9 s的时间范围内,最多有30个简单界面和薄层反射(每个迹线)模型65堆叠的迹线。我们使用时空不变,统计推导,自回归,地震子波估计,选择子波极性以使反演正确地将流体异常信号建模为低阻抗层。对于子波A,我们采用白色反射率的通用假设并实现降低了7.8 dB的数据失配,对于小波B,我们假设蓝色反射率随频率增加3 dB /倍频程,并提高了对数据的拟合度。与小波A(平均厚度15-17毫秒)相比,小波B还可以更准确地估计已知储气层的厚度(10-12毫秒平均厚度)。我们的结果与阻抗估计的其他方法相比具有竞争优势,并且以简单得多的方式获得。 [参考:24]

著录项

  • 来源
    《Geophysics》 |1996年第2期|p. 484-495|共12页
  • 作者

    Simmons JL.; Backus MM.;

  • 作者单位

    UNIV TEXAS BUR ECON GEOL UNIV STN BOX X AUSTIN TX 78713 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地球物理学;
  • 关键词

    Seismograms; Inversion;

    机译:地震图;反演;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 00:20:08

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