Empirical approaches in knowledge city research

摘要

In the 21st century, it has become apparent that 'knowledge' is a major factor of postmodern production (Yigitcanlar, Baum, & Horton, 2007). Beyond this, in today's rapidly globalizing world, knowledge, along with the social and technological settings, is seen as a key to secure economic prosperity and quality of life (Yigitcanlar, O'Connor, & Westerman, 2008). However, limiting the benefits of a 'knowledge-based development' to only economic gains-and to a degree to social ones-is quite a narrow sighted view (Yigitcanlar, Velibeyoglu, & Martinez-Fernandez, 2008). Thus, the concept of 'knowledge-based urban development' is coined to bring economic prosperity, environmental sustainability, a just socio-spatial order and good governance to cities, and as a result producing a purposefully designed city-i.e., 'knowledge city'-generating positive environmental and governance outcomes as well as economic and societal ones (Yigitcanlar, 2011; Carrillo, Yigitcanlar, Garcia, & Lon-nqvist, 2014).