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Irade and Climate Change: Environmental, Economic and Ethical Perspectives on Border Carbon Adjustments

机译:伊拉德与气候变化:边界碳调整的环境,经济和伦理视角

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This paper examines the nexus between climate change and trade governance from a normative perspective. Only little research attention has been paid to assessing the interactions between empirical and normative approaches to climate change in the context of potential trade measures. To this end, the paper focuses on currently discussed border carbon adjustment measures. The paper assesses these trade measures from a normative perspective: it explores whether they are compatible or in conflict with development ethics on the one hand and with climate ethics on the other. The paper finds that border adjustment measures are both a potential threat to development, as well as to a workable climate agreement. It argues that they are therefore both in conflict with development as well as climate ethics concerns. From a development ethics perspective, border adjustment measures are objectionable for two reasons. First, they hurt developing countries and above all the ones that are vulnerable in terms of relying only on few export goods. Second, border adjustment measures restrict market access for developing countries and thereby undermine the potential of trade to foster development. From a climate ethics perspective, border adjustment measures are objectionable for three reasons. First, border adjustment measures amount to unilaterally changing whatever global burden-sharing deal has been agreed to-thereby undermining procedural justice. Second, border adjustment measures disregard the consumption-dimension: it might be questioned whether it is fair to focus exclusively on making producers pay for emissions rather than also holding those responsible that import and consume the goods that incorporate these emissions. Third, even if border adjustment measures and countries with low emissions are exempted from border adjustment measures, they still burden countries that bear no historic responsibility for current high levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thereby undermining distributive justice by being in conflict with the polluter pays principle.
机译:本文从规范的角度考察了气候变化与贸易治理之间的关系。在潜在贸易措施的背景下,关于评估气候变化的经验方法和规范方法之间的相互作用的研究很少关注。为此,本文重点关注当前讨论的边界碳调整措施。本文从规范的角度对这些贸易措施进行了评估:一方面探讨了它们是否与发展伦理相容,还是与气候伦理相抵触或冲突。该文件发现,边境调整措施既是对发展的潜在威胁,也是对可行的气候协定的威胁。它认为,它们既与发展冲突,也与气候伦理问题有关。从发展伦理的角度来看,边界调整措施令人反感,原因有两个。首先,它们伤害了发展中国家,尤其是最脆弱的国家,这些国家仅依靠很少的出口商品。第二,边界调整措施限制了发展中国家的市场准入,从而破坏了贸易促进发展的潜力。从气候伦理的角度来看,边界调整措施令人反感,原因有三点。首先,边界调整措施等于单方面改变已达成的全球负担分担协议,从而破坏了程序正义。其次,边界调整措施无视消费维度:仅考虑让生产者为排放支付费用,而不是让那些负责进口和消费包含这些排放的商品的责任者,是否公平?第三,即使边境调整措施和低排放国家免于实行边境调整措施,它们仍然负担着对当前大气中高温室气体排放量不承担任何历史责任的国家,从而与污染者发生冲突,破坏了分配正义。支付原则。

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  • 来源
    《Ethics, policy and environment》 |2013年第1期|79-93|共15页
  • 作者

    CLARA BRANDI;

  • 作者单位

    German Development Institute/Deutsches Institut fur Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Bonn, Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 02:21:41

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