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What determines drivers' speed? A replication of three behavioural adaptation experiments in a single driving simulator study

机译:是什么决定驾驶员的速度?在单个驾驶模拟器中复制三个行为适应性实验

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摘要

We conceptually replicated three highly cited experiments on speed adaptation, by measuring drivers' experienced risk (galvanic skin response; GSR), experienced task difficulty (self-reported task effort; SRTE) and safety margins (time-to-line-crossing; TLC) in a single experiment. The three measures were compared using a nonparametric index that captures the criteria of constancy during self-paced driving and sensitivity during forced-paced driving. In a driving simulator, 24 participants completed two forced-paced and one self-paced run. Each run held four different lane width conditions. Results showed that participants drove faster on wider lanes, thus confirming the expected speed adaptation. None of the three measures offered persuasive evidence for speed adaptation because they failed either the sensitivity criterion (GSR) or the constancy criterion (TLC, SRTE). An additional measure, steering reversal rate, outperformed the other three measures regarding sensitivity and constancy, prompting a further evaluation of the role of control activity in speed adaptation.Practitioner Summary: Results from a driving simulator experiment suggest that it is not experienced risk, experienced effort or safety margins that govern drivers' choice of speed. Rather, our findings suggest that steering reversal rate has an explanatory role in speed adaptation.
机译:我们通过测量驾驶员经历的风险(皮肤电反应; GSR),经历的工作难度(自我报告的工作努力; SRTE)和安全裕度(穿越线时间; TLC),从概念上复制了三个在速度适应性方面广受好评的实验)在一个实验中。使用非参数索引对这三个量度进行了比较,该非参数索引捕获了自定速度驾驶期间的恒定性和强制性行驶期间的灵敏度。在驾驶模拟器中,有24名参与者完成了2次强制节奏和1次自定节奏的跑步。每次运行均保持四个不同的车道宽度条件。结果表明,参与者在较宽的车道上行驶得更快,从而确认了预期的速度适应性。这三种方法都没有为速度适应提供说服力的证据,因为它们没有通过敏感性标准(GSR)或恒定性标准(TLC,SRTE)。转向逆转率这一额外措施优于其他三项关于灵敏度和恒定性的措施,这促使人们进一步评估了控制活动在速度适应中的作用。从业者摘要:驾驶模拟器实验的结果表明,它没有遇到风险,控制驾驶员选择速度的努力或安全裕度。相反,我们的发现表明转向反转率在速度适应中具有解释性作用。

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