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DERIVING EFFECTS ON CHIRONOMUS POPULATION CARRYING CAPACITY FROM STANDARD TOXICITY TESTS

机译:从标准毒性试验推论对猫尾草种群的承载能力

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Translating effects from individual to population level is a crucial issue in ecological risk assessment of bed sediments. We first propose a modeling package to tackle this question for the species Chironomus riparius with biology- and ecology-based models to deduce effects on chironomid production per generation or per year. However, this approach requires the performance of many toxicity tests. Currently, the information available to perform this scaling is limited to a few data from standardized tests, mainly growth and survival after a certain period of time and sometimes emergence after 28 d. We propose here to simplify our model to make it able to deal with only data from standardized tests. The daily death rate is assumed to be constant throughout each instar, the effects on growth to be independent of time, and the effects on reproduction to be negligible. The reliability of this approach is first tested by comparing the population effects on organisms exposed to copper-spiked sediments calculated with the simple model and the more exhaustive one from which it was derived. The simple model just slightly underestimated the effects at the population level. Second, data from tests performed either with unpolluted sediment or with field sediment with different degrees of contamination are used to propose an effect threshold for populations. It appears that control sediments lead to less than 20% effects at population level, which may help define a natural variability range. For polluted sediments, we could find effects up to 42%. Implications of these findings are discussed in a sediment risk assessment perspective.
机译:将影响从个人转化为人口水平是河床沉积物生态风险评估中的关键问题。我们首先提出一个建模程序包,使用基于生物学和生态学的模型来解决河蟹Chironomus riparius的这一问题,以推论其对每一代或每年对Chironomid生产的影响。但是,这种方法需要执行许多毒性测试。当前,可用于执行此缩放的信息仅限于来自标准化测试的一些数据,主要是一定时间段后的生长和生存,有时在28 d后出现。我们在这里建议简化我们的模型,使其仅能够处理来自标准化测试的数据。假设每天的死亡率在每只幼虫中都是恒定的,对生长的影响与时间无关,而对繁殖的影响则可以忽略不计。首先,通过比较使用简单模型计算得出的,对铜尖刺沉积物暴露的生物体的种群影响以及从中得出的更为详尽的方法,来测试这种方法的可靠性。简单的模型只是低估了人口水平的影响。其次,来自对未污染沉积物或具有不同污染程度的田间沉积物进行测试的数据被用来为种群提出影响阈值。似乎控制性沉积物在种群水平上的影响不到20%,这可能有助于确定自然变化范围。对于受污染的沉积物,我们可以发现高达42%的影响。在沉积物风险评估的角度讨论了这些发现的含义。

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