首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry >TAMOXIFEN PROTECTS AGAINST 17α-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL–INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROGENITAL PAPILLAE IN THERAINBOW DARTER (ETHEOSTOMA CAERULEUM)
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TAMOXIFEN PROTECTS AGAINST 17α-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL–INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROGENITAL PAPILLAE IN THERAINBOW DARTER (ETHEOSTOMA CAERULEUM)

机译:他莫昔芬对17α-乙炔雌二醇引起的肝损伤的保护作用以及彩虹(尿路上皮中的尿嘧啶)的形成

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Juvenile rainbow darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 20 to 1,000 ng/L of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) at 120 d posthatch and in a subsequent experiment to 200 ng/L of EE2 with 2.0 to 20,000 ng/L of tamoxifen (TMX) at 150 d posthatch to determine the threshold of estrogen-induced morphological and histological changes in a sexually dimorphic benthic fish species ecologically relevant to southern Minnesota (USA). 17α-Ethynylestradiol induced female-associated urogenital papillae in males at 200 ng/L, enlargement and development of fibrosis in male testes, enlargement of ovary and oocyte size in females, and large fatty inclusions in the liver of both sexes. Exposure to 1,000 ng/L of EE2 caused gross hypertrophy of the liver and kidneys and high mortalities, predominantly in male fish. A low incidence of ovotestes found in all treatment groups was unaffected by EE2, which may be unusual to this species or a response to unknown water contaminants present during the hatching or early development of the darters. Gonadosomatic index was not altered for either sex by any treatment. A TMX level equal to or less than that of EE2 decreased fat accumulation in the liver in both sexes, and a TMX level greater than that of EE2 appeared to prevent urogenital papilla in males. Tamoxifen did not significantly alter fibrosis caused by EE2 in testes. It appears that the presence of TMX in the environment can mask many signs of estrogen exposure, including secondary sexual characteristics, hypertrophy of ovaries and testes, and fatty infiltration of organs. Ovotestes did not prove to be a good indicator of estrogen exposure at this late stage of juvenile darter development.
机译:在孵化后120 d将幼稚的彩虹(Etheostoma caeruleum)暴露于标称浓度为20至1,000 ng / L的17α-乙炔雌二醇(EE2),然后在随后的实验中暴露于200 ng / L的EE2和2.0至20,000 ng / L的他莫昔芬(TMX)在孵化后150天确定与美国明尼苏达州南部生态相关的性二形底栖鱼类中雌激素诱导的形态和组织学变化的阈值。 17 ng-L乙炔雌二醇可诱导雄性雌性相关的泌尿生殖乳头,雄性睾丸纤维化增大和发展,雌性卵巢和卵母细胞大小增大,以及男女肝脏中的大量脂肪包裹体。暴露于1,000 ng / L的EE2会导致肝脏和肾脏的严重肥大和高死亡率,主要发生在雄鱼中。在所有治疗组中发现的卵睾丸的低发生率不受EE2的影响,这可能对该物种或对飞镖孵化或早期发育过程中存在的未知水污染物的反应不常见。男女性别均未通过任何治疗改变。 TMX水平等于或小于EE2会降低两性肝脏中的脂肪积累,而TMX水平大于EE2似乎可以预防男性泌尿生殖器乳头。他莫昔芬并未显着改变睾丸中EE2引起的纤维化。看来环境中TMX的存在可以掩盖许多雌激素暴露的迹象,包括继发性特征,卵巢和睾丸肥大以及器官脂肪浸润。在幼年飞镖发育的后期,卵母细胞不能证明是雌激素暴露的良好指标。

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