Acetylcholinesterase activity in the terrestrial snail Xeropicta derbentina transplanted in apple orchards with different pesticide management strategies

摘要

Apple orchards are highly manipulated crops in which large amounts of pesticides are used. Some of these pesticides lack target specificity and can cause adverse effects in non-target organisms. In order to evaluate the environmental risk of these products, the use of transplanted sentinel organisms avoids side-effects from past events and facilitate comparison of multiple sites in a short time. We released specimens of the terrestrial snail Xeropicta derbentina in each 5 of two kinds of apple orchards with either conventional or organic management strategies plus in a single abandoned orchard. After one month, individuals were retrieved in order to measure acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Mean values of AChE activity were significantly reduced in all conventional apple orchards compared to the others. Results show that the measurement of biomarkers such as AChE inhibition in transplated X. derbentina could be useful in the environmental risk assessment of post-authorized pesticides.%Universite d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Envirormementale, UMR 406 UAPV/INRA, 'Abeiltes et EnvironnemenC', Domaine St Paul. Site AgroparC., 84914 Avignon Cedex 9 France;lNRA, UR 1115 'Plante et Systemes Horticoles', Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc., 84914 Avignon Cedex 9 France;Laboratory of Ecotoxkology, Faculty of Environmental Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s, 45071 Toledo, Spain;Animal Physiological Ecology, Institute for Evolution and Ecology, University of Tuebingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. 20, D-72072 Tuebingen, Germany;Animal Physiological Ecology, Institute for Evolution and Ecology, University of Tuebingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. 20, D-72072 Tuebingen, Germany,Steinbeis-Transfer Center for Ecotoxkology and Ecophysiology, Blumenstrasse 13, D-72108 Rottenburg, Germany;Universite d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Envirormementale, UMR 406 UAPV/INRA, 'Abeiltes et EnvironnemenC', Domaine St Paul. Site AgroparC., 84914 Avignon Cedex 9 France;