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Environmental risk of heavy metal pollution and contamination sources using multivariate analysis in the soils of Varanasi environs, India

机译:使用多变量分析在印度瓦拉纳西周围土壤中重金属污染和污染源的环境风险

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摘要

This study assessed soil pollution in the Varanasi environs of Uttar Pradesh in India. Assessing the concentration of potentially harmful heavy metals in the soils is imperative in order to evaluate the potential risks to human. To identify the concentration and sources of heavy metals and assess the soil environmental quality, 23 samples were collected from different locations covering dumping, road and agricultural area. The average concentrations of the heavy metals were all below the permissible limits according to soil quality guidelines except Cu (copper) and Pb (lead) in dumping and road soils. Soil heavy metal contamination was assessed on the basis of geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution index (PI) and integrated pollution index (IPI). The IPI of the metals ranged from 0.59 to 9.94, with the highest IPI observed in the dumping and road soils. A very significant correlation was found between Pb and Cu. The result of principal component analysis suggested that PC1 was mainly affected by the use of agrochemicals, PC2 was affected by vehicular emission and PC3 was affected by dumping waste. Meanwhile, PC4 was mainly controlled by parent material along with anthropogenic activities. Appropriate measures should be taken to minimize the heavy metal levels in soils and thus protect human health.
机译:这项研究评估了印度北方邦瓦拉纳西地区的土壤污染。为了评估对人类的潜在风险,必须评估土壤中潜在有害的重金属的浓度。为了确定重金属的浓度和来源并评估土壤环境质量,从倾倒区,道路和农业区等不同地点收集了23个样品。根据土壤质量准则,重金属的平均浓度均低于允许的限值,但倾倒和道路土壤中的铜(铜)和铅(铅)除外。根据土壤累积指数(Igeo),污染指数(PI)和综合污染指数(IPI)评估土壤重金属污染。金属的IPI在0.59至9.94之间,在倾倒土壤和道路土壤中观察到最高IPI。在铅和铜之间发现了非常显着的相关性。主成分分析结果表明,PC1主要受农药使用的影响,PC2受车辆排放的影响,PC3受倾倒废物的影响。同时,PC4主要受母体物质以及人类活动的控制。应该采取适当的措施以减少土壤中的重金属含量,从而保护人类健康。

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