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Downstream and Coastal Impacts of Damming and Water Abstraction in Africa

机译:非洲大坝和取水对下游和沿海的影响

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Anthropogenic factors associated with damming and water abstraction, and the resultant environmental pressures, are reviewed in six African river catchments using records and forecasts of climatic, demographic, and land-use change. Changes in the states of the flow regime through catchment drainage systems to the coastal sea are considered in conjunction with climate change and other humaninducedrnpressures. The impacts of these changes on downstream and coastal environments and their communities are described in past, present, and future perspectives. Linkages between the issues and the pressures of damming and water abstraction are appraised and scientific, policy, and management responses proposed aimed at remedying existing and perceived future negative impacts. The study proposes that there is a need to integrate catchment and coastal management to account for the whole water flow regime together with its human dimensions. Management priorities relating to the operation of existing damming and abstraction schemes and planning of future schemes include the following: consideration of ways in which water discharges could be adjusted to provide improvements in downstream and coastal environmental and socioeconomic conditions; addressing the problem of sediment trapping impacting on the sustainability of dam reservoirs; and assessment of downstream and coastal impacts of future schemes in the light of climate change forecasts.
机译:利用气候,人口和土地利用变化的记录和预测,对六个非洲河流域的与大坝和取水有关的人为因素以及由此产生的环境压力进行了审查。结合气候变化和其他人为压力,考虑了通过集水区排水系统流向沿海海域的水流状态的变化。过去,现在和将来的观点都描述了这些变化对下游和沿海环境及其社区的影响。评估了问题与大坝和取水压力之间的联系,并提出了科学,政策和管理方面的对策,旨在纠正现有的和可感知的未来负面影响。该研究建议有必要将集水区和沿海管理相结合,以考虑整个水流状况及其人为因素。与现有大坝和取水方案的运行以及未来方案的规划有关的管理优先事项包括:考虑如何调整排水量以改善下游和沿海环境及社会经济状况;解决泥沙淤积问题影响大坝水库的可持续性;并根据气候变化预测评估未来计划对下游和沿海的影响。

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