Traffic Dynamics and Congested Phases Derived from an Extended Optimal-Velocity Model

摘要

Dynamics is studied for one-dimensional single-lane traffic flow by means of an extended optimal-velocity model with continuously varied bottleneck strength for nonlinear roads. Two phases exist in this model such as free flow and wide moving jam states in the systems having relatively small values of the bottleneck strength parameter. In addition to the two phases, locally congested phase appears as the strength becomes prominent Jam formation occurs with the similar mechanism to the boomerang effect as well as the pinch one in it Wide scattering of the flow-density relation in fundamental diagram is found in the congested phase.