On cross effects of seismic responses of structures

摘要

Earthquake ground motions usually apply multi--directional forces to civil engineering structures. The response of the structure is then multi-directional. The assumption that the seismic responses of structures occur only in the direction of excitation is an oversimpl- ification, which can lead to unsafe designs. In this paper, one of the major cross effects, caused by modal coupling, is examined and the induced magnifications of seismic responses is estimated quantitatively.