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Measurement and prediction of train-induced vibrations in a full-scale building

机译:大型建筑物中火车引起的振动的测量和预测

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Buildings located close to transportation corridors experience structure-borne sound and vibration due to passing traffic which can be disruptive to operation of sensitive equipment in manufacturing, and medical facilities. Structure-borne sound and vibrations, when high may also be annoying to human occupants in residential, office, and commercial buildings. Hence, there is a growing need for cost effective sound and vibration predictions to evaluate the need for mitigation.The research focuses on in-situ testing of a full-scale building for verification of a previously developed impedance-based methodology and to create a prediction model to study ground-borne vibrations in the test building. A mitigation methodology was also examined using the verified prediction model.Impedance modeling involves the propagation of axial waves through columns combined with the impedance of the intermediate floor slabs. The vibration transmission in the building was characterized and predicted using a single column model with attached floors.Train-induced floor vibrations in an existing four-story building in Boston were measured and compared with predictions of the impedance model. The impedance model predictions closely matched with the measured floor responses.A previously suggested mitigation method was investigated analytically using the impedance model. A thickened floor referred as the "blocking floor" was used on the lower elevation of the building and the reduction in vibration at the upper floors of the building was compared for various thicknesses of the blocking floor, to study its efficiency. The blocking floor has high impedance and reflects a major portion of the vibration transmitting in the columns preventing it from reaching the upper floors. The blocking floor was found to mitigate the transmission of ground-borne vibrations to upper floors.
机译:靠近交通走廊的建筑物由于通行交通而受到结构传播的声音和振动,这可能会干扰制造和医疗设施中敏感设备的运行。高强度的结构传播的声音和振动也可能使住宅,办公室和商业建筑中的人烦恼。因此,对具有成本效益的声音和振动预测的需求不断增长,以评估缓解的需求。研究的重点是对大型建筑物进行现场测试,以验证以前开发的基于阻抗的方法并创建预测结果。用于研究测试建筑物中地面传播振动的模型。阻抗模型还使用了经过验证的预测模型进行了研究。阻抗模型包括轴向波通过圆柱的传播以及中间楼板的阻抗。使用附有地板的单柱模型对建筑物中的振动传递进行表征和预测,并测量波士顿现有的四层建筑物中火车引起的地板振动并将其与阻抗模型的预测进行比较。阻抗模型的预测与实测地板响应紧密匹配。使用阻抗模型对先前提出的缓解方法进行了分析研究。在建筑物的较低高度上使用了称为“阻隔地板”的增厚地板,并针对各种厚度的阻隔地板比较了建筑物高层的减振效果,以研究其效率。阻隔地板具有高阻抗,并反射了在立柱中传递的大部分振动,从而阻止其到达较高的地板。发现阻塞地板可以减轻地面传播的振动到较高的地板上。

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