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Does spatial or visual information in maps facilitate text recall? Reconsidering the conjoint retention hypothesis

机译:地图中的空间或视觉信息是否有助于文字回忆?重新考虑联合保留假设

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The conjoint retention hypothesis (CRH) claims that students recall more text information when they study geographic maps in addition to text than when they study text alone, because the maps are encoded spatially (Kulhavy, Lee, & Caterino, 1985). This claim was recently challenged by Griffin and Robinson (2000), who found no advantage for maps over feature lists in facilitating text recall. In two experiments, we crossed maps and lists with icons and names (c.f., Griffin & Robinson), and employed materials and methodology very similar to those used in previous CRH studies by Kulhavy and colleagues (Kulhavy, Stock, Verdi, Rittschof, and Savenye, 1993; Stock, Kulhavy, Peterson, Hancock, & Verdi, 1995). In addition, we included a concurrent task to measure spatial encoding, as did Griffin and Robinson. No advantages were found for maps over lists in facilitating text recall, nor were maps processed in a more spatial manner than litsts. Instead, it appears that the key stimulus feature for facilitating text recall is mimetic icons (i.e., icons that represent features) rather than the spatial characteristics of geographic maps, a finding that supports dual-coding theory (Paivio, 1986), but not the CRH.
机译:联合保留假设(CRH)声称,学生学习地理地图时,除了学习文字以外,还比单独学习文字时回想起更多的文本信息,因为地图是在空间上编码的(Kulhavy,Lee和Caterino,1985年)。格里芬和罗宾逊(Griffin and Robinson,2000)最近对这一说法提出了挑战,他们发现地图在促进文本召回方面没有优于特征列表的优势。在两个实验中,我们用图标和名称(参见Griffin和Robinson)划过地图和列表,并采用了与Kulhavy及其同事(Kulhavy,Stock,Verdi,Rittschof和Savenye以前的CRH研究中使用的材料和方法非常相似)的材料和方法。 ,1993; Stock,Kulhavy,Peterson,Hancock和Verdi,1995)。此外,Griffin和Robinson也包括了一个并行任务来测量空间编码。没有发现地图比列表更有利于文本召回,也没有比杂物更空间地处理地图。取而代之的是,促进文本召回的关键刺激特征是模拟图标(即代表特征的图标),而不是地理地图的空间特征,这一发现支持双重编码理论(Paivio,1986),但不是CRH。

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