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Nutrient enrichment during shrimp cultivation alters bacterioplankton assemblies and destroys community stability

机译:虾养殖过程中的营养富集改变了浮游细菌的组装并破坏了群落的稳定性

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Intensive shrimp farming is generally accompanied by nutrient enrichment and gradual eutrophication, which impose major threats to shrimp culture ecosystems. However, little is known about how the bacterioplankton community in a rearing environment responds to increased eutrophication during shrimp culture processes. In this study, we used the MiSeq sequencing technique to explore the impacts of nutrient enrichment on the assembly and stability of the bacterioplankton community. Our results showed that magnitudes of the changes in the bacterioplankton community compositions (BCCs) and diversity were closely associated with eutrophication level. Moreover, a phylogenetic-based mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) analysis revealed that increased eutrophication significantly (P 0.01) changed the bacterioplankton ecological processes from deterministic to stochastic. A structural equation model showed that eutrophication indicators affected the BCCs either directly by controlling resources or indirectly by modifying other environmental variables of the shrimp ponds in complex pathways. Furthermore, association network comparisons revealed that nutrient enrichment increased the complexity of interspecies interactions and the proportion of cooperative interactions and decreased the proportion of generalists, which suggest that nutrient enrichment destroyed the community stability. These findings suggest that minimizing nutrient pollution, especially at the end of cultivation, could be an important management tool for establishing a microbially mature water system.
机译:虾类集约化养殖通常伴随着养分富集和逐步富营养化,这对虾养殖生态系统构成了重大威胁。然而,人们对在养殖环境中浮游细菌群落对虾富营养化的反应知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们使用MiSeq测序技术来探讨营养物富集对浮游细菌群落组装和稳定性的影响。我们的研究结果表明,浮游细菌群落组成(BCC)和多样性的变化幅度与富营养化水平密切相关。此外,基于系统发育的平均最近生物分类距离(MNTD)分析显示,富营养化程度的显着提高(P <0.01)将浮游细菌的生态过程从确定性转变为随机性。结构方程模型表明,富营养化指标直接通过控制资源或通过修改复杂途径中虾塘的其他环境变量间接影响了BCC。此外,关联网络的比较显示,养分丰富增加了种间相互作用的复杂性和合作性相互作用的比例,降低了通才的比例,这表明养分丰富破坏了社区的稳定性。这些发现表明,尤其是在栽培结束时,最大限度地减少养分污染可能是建立微生物成熟水系统的重要管理工具。

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