Management of national parks in developing countries: a proposal for an international park service

摘要

Current thinking on protected area management in developing countries seeks to build upon the recent international experiences with community management and Integrated Conservation and Development Projects (ICDPs). Private and community management frequently cannot provide the non-market values associated with free-ranging populations of large predators and other mammals in a natural ecosystem. This paper proposes an international civil service including these components: (a) objective rating criteria, (b) additional points for developing country citizenship and/or place of birth, (c) salaries comparable to similar professional positions in North American and European countries, (d) higher fees for foreign visitors, (e) local and regional scholarships for primary, secondary, and tertiary education, (f) financial support to host governments, and (g) international promotion of ecotourism in developing countries.