Caucasian Mineral Waters: The Modern Hydrothermal System of the Crust-Mantle Origin

摘要

The hypothesis of feeding of the area of the Main Caucasus Ridge by meteoric waters and their percolation and filtration to the northeast along stratified and fractured collectors of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Paleogene deposits is the most popular concept of the formation of mineral waters in Pyatigor'e. In the course of the movement to the areas of relaxation in the area of Pyatigorsk laccoliths, waters are saturated with products of rock leaching and mixed with residual seawater buried in pores of sedimentary rocks [ 1 -4]. In essence, magmatic objects are considered only as factors providing water relaxation as a result of tectonic dislocations due to their intrusion. The presence of a volcanic center there with its root system in the crust and mantle is practically ignored. It is simply not mentioned as though the phenomenon did not exist.