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Justice Sensitivity in Middle Childhood: A Replication and Extension of Findings

机译:中年童年的正义敏感性:调查结果的复制和延伸

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Previous research showed justice sensitivity (JS) – the tendency to perceive and negatively respond to injustice as a victim, observer, or perpetrator – to be reliably and validly measurable in middle childhood, but unexpected findings concerning mean values and measurement invariance (MI) require replication, and retest reliabilities, longitudinal relations with prosocial and aggressive behavior, and relations with teacher ratings are currently unknown. This study, therefore, examined mean values, factor structure, retest reliabilities, and MI of self- and parent-rated JS as well as their relations with parent- and teacher-rated prosocial and aggressive behavior and a range of social skills in a sample of 1,329 children between 5 and 12 years of age (first measurement: M = 8.05, SD = 1.02, 51.1% girls). Using self- and parent ratings, we could replicate the intended factor structure of three related yet distinct JS subscales (victim, observer, and perpetrator). We found strong MI between those ratings. Retest reliabilities of parent ratings were similar to older age groups, but lower for self-ratings. All JS perspectives were positively related with theory of mind and empathy, indicating a good understanding of others’ internal states. Victim JS was negatively related to affective and behavioral self-regulation, whereas observer and perpetrator JS showed positive relations. Victim JS negatively and observer and perpetrator JS positively predicted prosocial behavior. The opposite pattern was found regarding aggressive behavior. This study provides additional support that JS can be measured via self- and other reports in childhood and that it may influence behavior early on. It adds to explaining the relations with prosocial and aggressive behavior.
机译:以前的研究表明令人欣慰的敏感性(JS) - 作为受害者,观察者或犯罪者的不公正,在中年童年时期可靠和有效地衡量的倾向,但有效地衡量,但有关平均值和测量不变性(MI)的意外发现复制和重新认可的可靠性,与口语和侵略性行为的纵向关系以及与教师评级的关系目前未知。因此,研究了这项研究,检查了平均值,因子结构,重度可靠性,以及自我和父评级的JS的MI以及与父母和教师额定的女性和侵略性行为以及样本中的一系列社交技能的关系1,329名儿童5至12岁以下(首次测量:M = 8.05,SD = 1.02,51.1%的女孩)。使用自我和父评级,我们可以复制三个相关但不同的JS分量表(受害者,观察者和犯罪者)的预期因子结构。我们在这些评级之间找到了强大的MI。父母评级的重保持可靠性与年龄较大的年龄段相似,但自我评级较低。所有JS的观点都与思想理论和同理心律呈积极相关,表明对他人的内部国家的良好理解。受害者JS与情感和行为自我监管负相关,而观察者和肇事者JS表现出积极的关系。受害者JS消极和观察者和犯罪者JS积极预测的女性行为。发现对侵袭性行为的相反模式。本研究提供了额外的支持,即JS可以通过儿童及其他报告来衡量,并且它可能会尽早影响行为。它补充说,解释与口语和侵略性行为的关系。

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