Rear-end and Lane-changing Collisions Avoidance Theoretical Models of the Multi-lane Freeway in Disaster Weather

摘要

Rear-end collisions and lane-changing collisions are two most common types of automobile collision in multi-lane freeway traffic conditions, and they are dangerous in disaster weather. Car-following behavior, which describes the behavior of a vehicle while following the vehicle in front of it, has a signi?cant impact on traf?c safety. One of the most possible behavior leading to rear-end collisions is studied in this paper. In addition, car-following is one of the essential components of microscopic traffic models. In this paper, we estimate the emergency braking distance of passenger vehicles with respect to the following interval that should be kept as a “gap” between two consecutive vehicles moving in the same lane. Lane- changing behavior which describes a vehicle changes its lane into the other lane according to the accurate gap-acceptance decisions theory. Lane-changing related to collisions prone to occur in the process of lane-changing maneuvers. Lane- changing theoretical models and operational risk are studied in this paper to reveal the essence of traf?c ?ow characteristics of the multi-lane freeway at the microscopic level. In summary, the paper presents a ?exible framework for modeling car- following behavior and lane-changing behavior, which relaxes some constraints and assumptions of the most commonly used car following models and lane-changing models.