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Regional Cultures and the Psychological Geography of Switzerland: Persona??Environmenta??Fit in Personality Predicts Subjective Wellbeing

机译:瑞士的地域文化和心理地理:人?环境?人格适合预测主观幸福感

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The present study extended traditional nation-based research on person–culture–fit to the regional level. First, we examined the geographical distribution of Big Five personality traits in Switzerland. Across the 26 Swiss cantons, unique patterns were observed for all traits. For Extraversion and Neuroticism clear language divides emerged between the French- and Italian-speaking South-West vs. the German-speaking North-East. Second, multilevel modeling demonstrated that person–environment–fit in Big Five, composed of elevation (i.e., mean differences between individual profile and cantonal profile), scatter (differences in mean variances) and shape (Pearson correlations between individual and cantonal profiles across all traits; Furr, 2008, 2010), predicted the development of subjective wellbeing (i.e., life satisfaction, satisfaction with personal relationships, positive affect, negative affect) over a period of 4 years. Unexpectedly, while the effects of shape were in line with the person–environment–fit hypothesis (better fit predicted higher subjective wellbeing), the effects of scatter showed the opposite pattern, while null findings were observed for elevation. Across a series of robustness checks, the patterns for shape and elevation were consistently replicated. While that was mostly the case for scatter as well, the effects of scatter appeared to be somewhat less robust and more sensitive to the specific way fit was modeled when predicting certain outcomes (negative affect, positive affect). Distinguishing between supplementary and complementary fit may help to reconcile these findings and future research should explore whether and if so under which conditions these concepts may be applicable to the respective facets of person–culture–fit.
机译:本研究将传统的基于国家的人与文化适应研究扩展到了区域层面。首先,我们研究了瑞士五种人格特质的地理分布。在26个瑞士州中,所有性状都有独特的模式。对于外向性和神经质主义,在讲法语和意大利语的西南地区与讲德语的东北地区之间出现了明显的语言鸿沟。其次,多层次建模表明,人与环境在“五巨头”中的匹配度由高程(即,个人资料和州资料之间的平均差异),散布(均值方差的差异)和形状(所有个人和州资料之间的皮尔逊相关性)组成特质; Furr,2008年,2010年)预测了四年内主观幸福感的发展(即生活满意度,对人际关系的满意度,正面影响,负面影响)。出乎意料的是,尽管形状的影响与人-环境-适应假设(更好的拟合预测更高的主观幸福感)一致,但散布的影响却呈现相反的模式,而对于海拔却没有发现。在一系列的稳健性检查中,形状和高程的模式被一致地复制。尽管散布的情况也同样如此,但是散布的效果似乎不那么稳健,并且在预测某些结果(负面影响,正面影响)时对建模的特定方式更为敏感。区分补充和补充适应可能有助于调和这些发现,未来的研究应探讨这些概念是否以及是否在何种情况下适用于个人-文化-适应的各个方面。

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