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Encouraging 5-year olds to attend to landmarks: a way to improve children's wayfinding strategies in a virtual environment

机译:鼓励5岁的儿童参加地标性活动:在虚拟环境中改善儿童寻路策略的一种方法

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Wayfinding is defined as the ability to learn and remember a route through an environment. Previous researchers have shown that young children have difficulties remembering routes. However, very few researchers have considered how to improve young children's wayfinding abilities. Therefore, we investigated ways to help children increase their wayfinding skills. In two studies, a total of 72 5-year olds were shown a route in a six turn maze in a virtual environment and were then asked to retrace this route by themselves. A unique landmark was positioned at each junction and each junction was made up of two paths: a correct path and an incorrect path. Two different strategies improved route learning performance. In Experiment 1, verbally labeling on-route junction landmarks during the first walk reduced the number of errors and the number of trials to reach a learning criterion when the children retraced the route. In Experiment 2, encouraging children to attend to on-route junction landmarks on the first walk reduced the number of errors when the route was retraced. This was the first study to show that very young children can be taught route learning skills. The implications of our results are discussed.
机译:寻路被定义为学习和记住通过环境的路线的能力。先前的研究人员表明,幼儿很难记住路线。但是,很少有研究者考虑过如何提高幼儿的寻路能力。因此,我们研究了帮助儿童提高寻路能力的方法。在两项研究中,总共向72名5岁的儿童展示了在虚拟环境中的六匝迷宫中的路线,然后要求他们自己追踪该路线。每个路口都有一个独特的地标,每个路口由两条路径组成:正确的路径和错误的路径。两种不同的策略改善了路线学习性能。在实验1中,在第一个步行过程中对路口交界处地标进行口头标注可以减少错误的数量,并可以减少儿童追踪路线时达到学习标准的尝试次数。在实验2中,鼓励孩子在第一次步行时照看路口路标,减少了追溯路线时的错误次数。这是第一项显示可以向幼儿学习路线学习技能的研究。我们的结果的含义进行了讨论。

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