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Social coordination in animal vocal interactions. Is there any evidence of turn-taking? The starling as an animal model

机译:动物声音互动中的社会协调。是否有转弯的证据? star鸟作为动物模型

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Turn-taking in conversation appears to be a common feature in various human cultures and this universality raises questions about its biological basis and evolutionary trajectory. Functional convergence is a widespread phenomenon in evolution, revealing sometimes striking functional similarities between very distant species even though the mechanisms involved may be different. Studies on mammals (including non-human primates) and bird species with different levels of social coordination reveal that temporal and structural regularities in vocal interactions may depend on the species' social structure. Here we test the hypothesis that turn-taking and associated rules of conversations may be an adaptive response to the requirements of social life, by testing the applicability of turn-taking rules to an animal model, the European starling. Birdsong has for many decades been considered as one of the best models of human language and starling songs have been well described in terms of vocal production and perception. Starlings do have vocal interactions where alternating patterns predominate. Observational and experimental data on vocal interactions reveal that (1) there are indeed clear temporal and structural regularities, (2) the temporal and structural patterning is influenced by the immediate social context, the general social situation, the individual history, and the internal state of the emitter. Comparison of phylogenetically close species of Sturnids reveals that the alternating pattern of vocal interactions varies greatly according to the species' social structure, suggesting that interactional regularities may have evolved together with social systems. These findings lead to solid bases of discussion on the evolution of communication rules in relation to social evolution. They will be discussed also in terms of processes, at the light of recent neurobiological findings.
机译:轮流交谈似乎是各种人类文化中的共同特征,这种普遍性引起了人们对其生物学基础和进化轨迹的质疑。功能趋同是进化中普遍存在的现象,尽管所涉及的机制可能不同,但有时仍显示出非常遥远的物种之间惊人的功能相似性。对具有不同社会协调水平的哺乳动物(包括非人类灵长类动物)和鸟类的研究表明,声音交互作用的时间和结构规律性可能取决于该物种的社会结构。在这里,我们通过测试转弯规则对动物模型(欧洲八哥)的适用性,检验了转弯及相关的对话规则可能是对社会生活要求的适应性反应的假设。几十年来,Birdsong被认为是人类语言的最佳典范之一,而八哥歌曲在人声产生和感知方面得到了很好的描述。八哥确实有声音交互作用,而交替模式占主导。关于声音交互作用的观察和实验数据表明,(1)确实存在明确的时间和结构规律,(2)时间和结构模式受直接社会背景,总体社会状况,个人历史和内部状态的影响的发射器。在系统发育上接近的close类物种的比较表明,声音相互作用的交替模式根据物种的社会结构而有很大的不同,这表明相互作用的规律性可能已经随着社会系统一起演化。这些发现为讨论与社会进化相关的交流规则的进化奠定了坚实的基础。根据最近的神经生物学发现,还将在过程方面讨论它们。

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