COMBINED CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM WITH ALPHA LIPOIC ACIDNANOLIPOSOMES FOR MORE STABLE, AND LESS NEPHROTOXICFORMULA IN PEDIATRICS

摘要

Serious and acute renal failure could be induced in pediatric patients as a result oftreatment with ceftriaxone sodium (CTX). CTX may be crystalized in the urine and adhereto surface of renal tubular cells, causing the generation of reactive oxygen species andfinally resulting in kidney damage. Our study aims to protect renal tubular cells andprevent calcium oxalate precipitation by combining CTX with alpha lipoic acid (ALA)liposomes. A thin-film hydration method was used for formulation, and the preparedliposomes were imaged with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Particle size,entrapment efficiency, and drug release were measured, as was the antimicrobial activityof raw CTX and the prepared formula, to assess the effect of ALA on CTX antimicrobialactivity. An in vivo study was carried out on 3 groups of rabbits to measure kidneyfunction parameters, such as creatinine, urea, sodium calcium, and potassium. The studywas conducted over 10 days of treatment to assess the degree of kidney protection. Resultsshowed that small spherical liposomes measuring 60.4 ± 4.4 nm released CTX gradually,to about 100% after 8 hours. ALA has no effect on the antimicrobial activity of CTX. Dataon kidney function showed an insignificant change in kidney function parameters, whereasraw CTX showed a partial difference after 5 days and a significant difference after 10days. These findings demonstrate that ALA protects renal tubular cells from damage,which makes the combination a candidate for safe antimicrobial therapy.