Genetic Research in Sport - a Historical Review

摘要

This study describes the history of the application of genetics in sport and the present achievements in this field. We review the main directions in genetics with regard to sport: population genetics, popular in the second half of the 20th century, based on studies of the phenotypic characteristics, without genotype pattern recognition; the beginning of research on genotype characteristics with genotype pattern recognition, and recent achievements in molecular biology, after the completion of 'The Human Genome Project' in 2003.