Impact of Climate and Bioclimate Factors on Apricot (&i&Prunus armeniaca L&/i&.) Yield to Increase Economy and Achieve Maintaining Food Security of Palestine

摘要

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is one of the most important export crops in Hebron of Palestine. In this work, we analyzed the mean monthly temperature and precipitation using data from one weather station of the Palestine Meteoro-logical Department, recorded in the period from 1993-2014, with the same years of plant production (rain-fed) from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). Statistical analysis included a bioclimatic analysis of Palestinian meteorological station for the period previous by using bioclimatic classification of the Earth of Rivas Martinez Salvador, with regard to simple continentality index, compensated thermicity index, annual ombrothermic index, water deficit and soil water reserve. In concluded, climate and bioclimatic factors play a key role in apricot production, when we analyzed of variance (ANOVA), with a standard coefficients (95% confidence interval), reveals significant differences, in case of the bioclimate factors as simple thermicity index and climate factors as precipitation, whereas there are no significant differences between the apricot yield and the reset of climate, bioclimate factors. However, the optimum of the plant production is achieved with values of simple thermicity index between (14-18), annual ombrothermic index (2.5-4.5), compensated thermicity index (250-450), precipitation more than 750 mm, mean monthly temperature (15.4 ℃ - 20 ℃ ), and inframediterranean, thermomediterranean and mesomediterranean of thermotype in Hebron of Palestine.