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Extrinsic feedback in martial arts training

机译:武术训练中的外在反馈

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Motor learning is a complex process, in which teacher and athletes are in the interaction. Variety offactors play important role in the process of acquiring motor skills. One of crucial factors isfeedback, which is the information about the movement provided to the learner during and after amovement. Information on errors during the motion execution is especially important for theprogress in the motor learning. The information may come from external or internal sources. Thatis why two kind of feedback are described in the kinesiology theory – intrinsic and extrinsicfeedback. While intrinsic feedback come through the nervous system from muscles and joints, theextrinsic feedback is given by teacher or e.g. videotape (Hoffman, 2005). Both extrinsic and intrinsicfeedback are usually used in the modern sports training. On the other hand, traditional martial artstraining is typical by rigorous teaching methods such as repetition, drilling, ritualization, etc. Thedifference between martial arts and modern sports was described in the previews research(Cynarski, 2012; ReguliandVít, 2009). The traditional teaching process in martial arts proceedsaccording to the following scheme: teacher′s technique demonstration, students′ observation,repetition, verbal extrinsic feedback from teacher, drilling. There is another extrinsic feedbackmethod used in modern sports training using video tape. We are focusing on differences betweentwo kind of extrinsic feedback (verbal and video) in the traditional martial arts training.
机译:运动学习是一个复杂的过程,在这个过程中,老师和运动员都处于互动状态。各种因素在获得运动技能的过程中起着重要作用。关键因素之一是反馈,它是关于运动过程中和运动后提供给学习者的运动的信息。运动执行过程中有关错误的信息对于运动学习的进展尤其重要。该信息可能来自外部或内部来源。这就是运动学理论中描述两种反馈的原因:内在反馈和外在反馈。内在反馈是从肌肉和关节通过神经系统传来的,而外在反馈则是由老师或其他人提供的。录像带(霍夫曼,2005年)。内部和外部反馈通常都在现代运动训练中使用。另一方面,传统的武术训练是通过严格的教学方法(例如重复,钻探,仪式化等)来实现的。预告研究中描述了武术与现代体育之间的差异(Cynarski,2012;ReguliandVít,2009)。武术的传统教学过程按以下方案进行:老师的技术演示,学生的观察,重复,老师的口头外在反馈,演练。在现代运动训练中,使用录像带还有另一种外部反馈方法。在传统的武术训练中,我们着眼于两种外部反馈(语言和视频)之间的差异。

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